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Altman Z-Score

Avalie o risco de falência de uma empresa usando o modelo Altman Z-Score — combina cinco índices financeiros para prever dificuldades financeiras.

Working capital
$
Total assets
$
Retained earnings
$
EBIT
$
Sales revenue
$
Market value of equity
$
Total liabilities
$
A (WC/TA)0
B (RE/TA)0
C (EBIT/TA)0
D (MVE/TL)0
E (Sales/TA)0
Altman Z-Score
—
—
1.2A0
1.4B0
3.3C0
0.6D0
1.0E0
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Industry use cases
Credit Risk Assessment Banks evaluate loan applicants' bankruptcy risk before approving credit facilities and setting appropriate interest rates.
M&A Due Diligence Acquisition teams assess target companies' financial stability to identify hidden distress risks before committing to deals.
Supplier Risk Monitoring Supply chain managers track key vendors' financial health to prevent supply disruptions from supplier bankruptcies.
Corporate Financial Health CFOs monitor their own company's financial metrics against bankruptcy thresholds for early risk detection and intervention.
Frequently asked questions
What is the Altman Z-Score used for?
It's a formula that combines five financial ratios from a company's balance sheet and income statement to estimate its likelihood of going bankrupt within the next two years.
What is a good Altman Z-Score?
A score above 2.99 is considered 'safe' (low bankruptcy risk), 1.81 to 2.99 is a 'grey zone' of moderate risk, and below 1.81 signals high distress risk.
What does a low Altman Z-Score mean?
A score below 1.81 suggests a company is in the 'distress zone' and has a relatively high statistical probability of filing for bankruptcy within two years.
Can the Altman Z-Score be negative?
Yes. Heavy losses, negative working capital, or negative retained earnings can push the score below zero, indicating severe financial distress.
Is the Altman Z-Score reliable for all companies?
Not equally. The original model was built for manufacturing firms, and modified versions exist for private companies, non-manufacturers, and emerging markets, so results should be interpreted alongside other financial analysis.
Relacionadas em Negócios
Propensão Marginal ao Consumo (PMC) → Calculadora de Produtividade → Calculadora de Taxa de Conversão → Calculadora de Margem Operacional →
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